2. LSIL (Low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion):

• Management options for LSIL Pap smear results may include:
• Colposcopy examination with directed biopsy to evaluate for precancerous changes.
• HPV testing to assess for high-risk HPV infection.
• Follow-up Pap smear testing at shorter intervals, typically every 6-12 months.

3. HSIL (High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion):

• HSIL Pap smear results indicate a higher likelihood of precancerous changes. Dr. Nirmala Murthy may recommend:
• Colposcopy examination with biopsy to confirm the presence and extent of precancerous lesions.
• Treatment of identified lesions, which may include loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), cryotherapy, or laser ablation.
• Close follow-up with regular Pap smear testing and colposcopy surveillance.

4. ASC-H (Atypical Squamous Cells, Cannot Exclude HSIL):

• ASC-H Pap smear results indicate a higher suspicion for precancerous changes. Dr. Murthy may recommend:
• Immediate colposcopy examination with biopsy to evaluate for high-grade lesions.
• HPV testing to assess for high-risk HPV infection.
• Close follow-up with repeat Pap smear testing and colposcopy surveillance.

5. AGC (Atypical Glandular Cells):

• AGC Pap smear results suggest abnormalities in the glandular cells of the cervix or endometrium. Dr. Nirmala Murthy may recommend:
• Colposcopy examination with endocervical curettage (ECC) to evaluate for glandular abnormalities.
• Additional imaging studies or diagnostic procedures, such as transvaginal ultrasound or hysteroscopy, to further assess the uterine cavity.

6. Unsatisfactory/Inadequate Specimen:

• If a Pap smear specimen is deemed unsatisfactory or inadequate for evaluation, Dr. Murthy may recommend:
• Repeat Pap smear testing with close attention to specimen collection technique.
• Colposcopy examination if suspicion for abnormality remains high despite repeated unsatisfactory specimens.

7. Follow-up and Surveillance:

• Regardless of the initial Pap smear findings, Dr. Nirmala Murthy emphasizes the importance of regular follow-up and surveillance to monitor for resolution or progression of abnormalities. Follow-up intervals are tailored based on the specific findings and patient risk factors.

Patient Education and Support: Dr. Murthy provides comprehensive patient education and support throughout the evaluation and management process. She ensures that patients understand their Pap smear results, the implications of abnormal findings, and the recommended management plan. Additionally, Dr. Murthy offers guidance on cervical cancer prevention strategies, including HPV vaccination, safe sex practices, and smoking cessation.

By offering personalized and evidence-based management of Pap smear abnormalities, Dr. Nirmala Murthy aims to optimize patient outcomes and promote cervical health and wellness.